Finland
Finland operates a dual surveillance system for AMR: FINRES for human health and FINRES-Vet for veterinary surveillance. The system is anchored by the Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), which has coordinated clinical microbiology data since 1992.
Surveillance Programme
FINRES-Vet - Finnish Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring Programmes
Key Entities
| Entity | Abbreviation | Type | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare | THL | Government agency | Human clinical AMR data, FINRES coordination |
| Finnish Medicines Agency | Fimea | Government agency | Human and veterinary AMU sales data |
| Finnish Food Authority (Ruokavirasto) | Ruokavirasto | Government agency | Animal/food AMR surveillance, FINRES-Vet coordination |
Human AMR Surveillance
- Clinical microbiology data produced by FiRe laboratories and THL’s mycobacterial laboratory (collaboration since 1992)
- THL compiles, interprets, and publishes annual Finres reports
- The National Infectious Disease Register (NIDR) collects real-time data on 40 infectious diseases and resistant organisms
- Open-access database: sampo.thl.fi
- Latest National Action Plan on AMR released in 2025
Animal and Food AMR Surveillance
- FINRES-Vet coordinated by Ruokavirasto
- Covers industrial food production, meat, fur industry, companion animals, and horses
- Fimea provides veterinary antibiotic sales data from pharmaceutical wholesalers
AMU Monitoring
- Human: Finnish Prescription Register (FPR) maintained since 1993 - includes reimbursed dispensations with patient demographics. Since 2010, collects all prescriptions regardless of reimbursement. Hospital use tracked through wholesale data from Fimea
- Animal: Sales data from pharmaceutical wholesalers collected by Fimea, compiled in FINRES-Vet reports
- Legally grounded in Communicable Diseases Act (1227/2016) and Medicines Act (395/1987)